Identifier: fieldforestrambl00adam (find matches)
Title: Field and forest rambles, with notes and observations on the natural history of eastern Canada
Year: 1873 (1870s)
Authors: Adams, Andrew Leith, d. 1882
Subjects: Zoology Geology Birds Natural history
Publisher: London, H.S. King & Co.
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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ionallypicked up along the great river valleys. Referring to what may be called types of the weapons andimplements of stone used by the Indians of New Brunswick,the arrow heads, figs. I, 2, and 3, represent the usual pattern.No. 2 seems to have been used extensively, and is alwaysthe best finished, with an acute point and sharp cutting edges.The smaller point, fig. 3, made of white quartz, chipped orpolished, is also not uncommon, and occasionally all may becollected in the same situation. Fig. 5 represents a very rudely shaped spear head, nearlynine inches in length, from an old encampment on the Tobiqueriver, where the natives, and their foes the Mohawks, werewont to engage in desperate fights. Stone hatchets of divers size, some very finely polished,such as fig. 6; others are so rudely fabricated that, unless usedfor wedges or ice axes, it would be difficult to imagine the pur- * I have seen specimens of this adze from the banks of the MiramichiRiver. Stone Age in New Brunswick. 29
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WEAPONS AND IMPLEMENTS USED BY THE INDIANS OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 30 Field and Forest Rambles. pose for which they were applied. These are sometimes met within numbers huddled together, and, in consequence, it has oftenoccurred to me that they were merely implements in the firststage of manufacture. Now when we consider that the countryis covered with snow for nearly half of the year, and take therigours of the climate into account, together with the necessitiesof a sparsely distributed population subsisting entirely by thechase and fishing, we might well believe that they would lay ina supply of weapons for winter use, and nothing is more likelythan that the unfinished tools were merely chipped into shape,their polishing and finishing being left to such time as neces-sity demanded.* Fig. 8 is the common form of knife. I believe flakes offlint were used for the same purposes. The cub-shapedimplement (No. 7) of greenstone is a foot in length, and highlypolished ; it was discovered, with sev

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