Fichier:ISS-30 Lake Fitri, Chad.jpg

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Description

Description
English: Lake Fitri, Chad is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 30 crew member on the International Space Station.
  • Lake Fitri is an endorheic, or terminal lake in a desert basin in the southern Sahara Desert. Muddy yellow-brown water marks the center of the depression (center), with a ring of dark brown muds and burnt vegetation on the exposed lake floor to the north. The lake shoreline supports a thin line of reed and floating grass vegetation which appears as dark green in the image. Deserts have so little rainfall that many rivers cannot reach the sea, but end at local low points where they form lakes. Here the usually dry Wadi Batha empties into Lake Fitri. Over time, water flow in Wadi Batha has created a large delta, which occupies the entire top left third of the image—a sense of scale is given by the 23--kilometer length of the lake. The lake has been designated under the Ramsar Convention as a wetland of international importance.
  • Other features visible in the image reveal evidence of significant climate change. The dry part of the present lake shows that the lake has been larger in the last several decades. But, as NASA scientists point out, the lake was once many times larger than its present surface area, as shown by numerous sweeping curves of ancient beaches which are now situated many kilometers from the present shoreline, at higher altitudes (upper right). Inland lakes are highly sensitive to the exact equilibrium between the amount of inflow from contributing rivers like Wadi Batha and evaporation. Each beach ridge therefore shows a different lake level and thus a different balance in the lake-river-climate system.
  • A smaller river enters from the south (top right) and cuts through the beach reaches on its way to the lake. The irregular, elongated, tan patches to the west of the lake are linear dunes aligned parallel to the dominant winds which blow from the northeast. The dunes have all formed on the downwind side (southwest) side of the lake since the lake bed and delta provide the sands which have built the dunes. The dunes indicate that during past climatic phases the lake has been almost or completely dry on repeated occasions—often enough for these great dunes, many kilometers long and several meters high, to form even in the lowest parts of the lake.
  • The islands visible in the center of the lake are likewise remnants of dunes. These dunes are smaller than those on the lake margin, presumably because waves from the lake have eroded them. Villages occupy the points of some major dunes, and some islands, where fishermen can gain easy access to the lake.
Date
Source http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/station/crew-30/html/iss030e059398.html
Auteur NASA
Cette image ou vidéo a été cataloguée par le
Johnson Space Center
de la
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) des États-Unis sous Photo ID : ISS030-E-059398.

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Public domain
"The Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth". Image provenant du Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Imagerie des Sciences, Centre Spatial Johnson de la NASA.
Source de la photo : ISS030-E-59398.

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Date et heureVignetteDimensionsUtilisateurCommentaire
actuel20 avril 2016 à 22:00Vignette pour la version du 20 avril 2016 à 22:004 288 × 2 848 (6,37 Mio)Ras67new rendered in high quality from NASA's raw image data
4 juin 2012 à 14:46Vignette pour la version du 4 juin 2012 à 14:464 288 × 2 848 (2,03 Mio)Ras67levels
21 février 2012 à 19:59Vignette pour la version du 21 février 2012 à 19:594 288 × 2 848 (1,76 Mio)Ras67{{Information |Description ={{en|1=Lake Fitri, Chad is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 30 crew member on the International Space Station. Lake Fitri is an endorheic, or terminal lake in a desert basin in the southern Sahara Desert.

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